a book that systematically tabulated all the possible meanings which each card could bear, when upright and reversed. (Dummett, 1980: pp.110).
Fools Gold: Cliff Johnson Puts His Money Where His Mouth Is.
Possibly the first of those wasAntoine Court de Gbelin, a French clergyman, who wrote that after seeing a group of women playing cards he had the idea that Tarot was not merely a game of cards but was in fact of ancient Egyptian origin, of mysticalcabbalisticimport, and of deep divine significance. De Gbelin published a dissertation on the origins of the symbolism in the Tarot in volume VIII of workLe Monde primitifin 1781. He thought the Tarot representedancient Egyptian Theology, including Isis, Osiris and Typhon. For example, he thought the card he knew as the Papesse and known today as theHigh PriestessrepresentedIsis.10He also related four Tarot cards to the four ChristianCardinal virtuesTemperanceJusticeStrengthandPrudence.11He relates The Tower to a Greek fable about avarice.12
was an account of the creation of the world
Bob Nygaard(psychic fraud investigator)
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Occultists, magicians, and magi all the way down to the 21st century have cited Lvi as a defining influence.citation neededThis trend began immediately whenJean-Baptiste Pitois(1811), writing under the name Paul Christian, wroteLHomme rouge(1863) and laterHistoire de la magie, du monde surnaturel et de la fatalit travers les temps et les peuples(1870). Christian repeats and extends the mythology of the tarot and changes the names for the trumps and the suits (see table below for a list of Christians modifications to the trumps).citation neededBatons (wands) become Scepters, Swords become Blades, and Coins become Shekels.18In 1888ly StarpublishedMystres de lhoroscopewhich mostly repeats Christians modifications.19Its primary contribution was the introduction of the termsMajor arcanaandMinor arcana, and the numbering of the Crocodile (the Fool) XXII instead of 0.citation needed
lacksISBNsfor the books listed in it
John Beeb. A Tarot Reading on the Possibility of Nuclear War. Psychological Perspectives: A Quarterly Journal of Jungian Thought. 16(1): 97-106. pp. 97
appears to containtrivial, minor, or unrelatedreferences topopular culture
The Frenchhad created in 2011 a philosophical tarot,
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
. Translated by Aleister Crowley. Red Wheel/Weiser. 2002
The original cards of the Tarot consist of the ordinary cards, the king, the queen, the knight, the ace, etc., only the figures are somewhat different, and besides, there are twenty-one cards upon which are symbols, or pictures of symbolical situations. For example, the symbol of the sun, or the symbol of the man hung up by the feet, or the tower struck by lightning, or the wheel of fortune, and so on. Those are sort of archetypal ideas, of a differentiated nature, which mingle with the ordinary constituents of the flow of the unconscious, and therefore it is applicable for an intuitive method that has the purpose of understanding the flow of life, possibly even predicting future events, at all events lending itself to the reading of the conditions of the present moment.30
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(1): 7391.doi10.1080/10371397.2011.560659.
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Claimed the court cards represented stages of human life.
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P.D. Ouspensky. The Symbolism of the Tarot: philosophy of occultism in pictures and numbers. Dover Publications. 1976
R. Steele. A notice of the Ludus Triumphorum and Some Early Italian Card Games: With Some Remarks on the Origin of the Game of Cards, Archaeologia, vol LVII, 1900. pp. 185200
Claimed the four suites represented theTetragrammaton.
Michael Dummett. The Game of Tarot. London: Duckworth, 1980.ISBN0715631225
Lvi was the first to suggest that the Magus (Bagatto) was to work with the four suits.
Miller, Laura (2011). Tantalizing tarot and cute cartomancy in Japan.
argued that the first copy of the tarot was imprinted on leaves of gold
Sallie Nichols. The Wisdom of the Fool. Psychological Perspective: A Quarterly Journal of Jungian Thought. 5(2): 97-116. 1974
Please reorganize this content to explain the subjects impact on popular culture, usingreferencestoreliable sources, rather than simply listing appearances. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
The asterix and the abbreviations are the actual way Court de Gbelin refers to the second essay. As Dummett (1980) notes, Mr Robin Briggs identifies the contributor as Louis-Raphael-Lucrece de Fayolle, Comte de Mellet. Louis was a brigadier, governor, and unremarkable court noble.
One of the earliest reference toTarottriumphs, and probably the first reference to Tarot as the devils picture book, is given by a Dominican preacher in a fiery sermon against the evils of the devils instrument.1References to the Tarot as a social plague continue throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, but there are no indications that the cards were used for anything but games anywhere other than in Bologna.2As Dummett (1980: 96) notes, …it was only in the 1780s, when the practice of fortune-telling with regular playing cards had been well established for at least two decades, that anyone began to use the Tarot pack for cartomancy.
Somewho?claim that they may also be a useful tool for psychology, often attributing this to Carl Jung. In his collected words Jung refers to tarot: It also seems as if the set of pictures in the Tarot cards were distantly descended from the archetypes of transformation, a view that has been confirmed for me in a very enlightening lecture by Professor Bernoulli.29. In1933, Jung spoke about the Tarot during a seminar on active imagination,
Michael Dummett(1980) suggests that Etteilla was attempting to scoop Court de Gbelin as the author of the occult tarot.citation neededEtteilla in fact claims to have been involved with Tarot longer than Court de Gbelin.2
The following is a comparison of the order of theMajor Trumpsup to and including the A. E. Waite deck. This table is based on Dummett (1980) and actual inspection of the relevant decks.original research?
, a 1987 computer game by Cliff Johnson, features several tarot card-themed puzzles.
Visions: Notes of the Seminar given in 1930-1934 by C. G. Jung, edited by Claire Douglas. Vol. 2. (Princeton NJ, Princeton University Press, Bollingen Series XCIX, 1997), p. 923
Vincent CespedesPhilosopher est-il jouer? (Philosophy, is it playing?)Libration, Nov. 2011.
Tarot reading for personal spiritual growth
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. San Francisco: Weiser Books. Also Inna Semetsky. When Cathy was a Little Girl: The Healing Praxis of Tarot Images. International Journal of Childrens Spirituality. 15(1): 59-72. 2010. pp. 59
The actual source of the occult Tarot can be traced to two articles in volume eight, one written by himself, and one written by M. le C. de M.***.14The second has been noted to have been even more influential than de Gbelins.2The author takes de Gbelins speculations even further, agreeing with him about the mystical origins of the Tarot in ancient Egypt, but making several additional, and influential, statements that continue to influence mass understanding of the occult tarot even to this day.citation neededHe makes the first statement proposing that the Tarot is, in fact, The Book ofThoth, that it is associated with theRomani people(and that the Romani people were roaming Egyptians), and makes the first association of Tarot with cartomancy.
The first to assign divinatory meanings to the Tarot cards were(also known asEtteilla) in 1783 andMlle Marie-Anne Adelaide Lenormand(1776-1843).1516
Images from the Grand Etteille Deck
The Tarot: History, Symbolism, and Divination
The belief in thedivinatory meaningof the cards is closely associated with a belief in theiroccultproperties: a commonly held belief in the 18th century propagated by prominent Protestant clerics and freemasons.2:96One of them wasCourt de Gbelin(see below).
People who use the tarot for personal divination ask question ranging widely from health or economical issues to what they believe would be best for them spiritually.28Due to this, the way practitioners use the cards are taken to respond to such personal inquiries, is subject to various personal belief. For example: some tarot users may believe that the cards are the ones providing the answers, while some may believe that it is a supernatural force, or perhaps energy, that are guiding the cards.
Many involved in occult and divinatory practices attempt to trace the Tarot toancient Egypt, divine hermetic wisdom,9and themysteries of Isis.
have discovered intact and still unknown this key of all doctrines and all philosophies of the old world… without the Tarot, he tells us, the Magic of the ancients is a closed book….
Arcana in the Adytumby Mary K. Greer.
Although the ancientEgyptian languagehad not yet been deciphered, de Gbelin asserted the name Tarot came from the Egyptian wordsTar, path or road, and the wordRo,RosorRog, meaning King or royal, and that the Tarot literally translated to the Royal Road of Life.13LaterEgyptologistsfound nothing in the Egyptian language to support de Gbelinsetymologies.citation neededDespite this lack of any evidence, the belief that the tarot cards are linked to the EgyptianBook of Thothcontinues to the present day.
According to Dummett, Lvis notable contributions include:citation needed
Mlle Marie-Anne Adelaide Lenormandoutshone even Ettiella and was the first cartomancer to people in high places, being the personal confidant ofEmpress JosephineNapoleonand other notables.2Lenormand used both regular playing cards, in particular thePiquetpack, as well as cards derived from Etteillas Egyptian root. She was so famous that a deck was published in her name, theGrand Jeu de Mlle Lenormand, two years after her death in 1843.
According to Dummett,Etteilla:2
Inna Semetsky. Tarot images and spiritual education: the three Is model. International Journal of Childrens Spirituality. 16(3): 249260. 2011
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created the first corrected Tarot (supposedly fixing errors that resulted from misinterpretation and corruption through the mists of antiquity), TheGrand Ettielledeck
From its humble uptake as an instrument of prophecy in France, the Tarot went on to become a thing ofhermeneuticmagicalmystical,3semiotic,4and even psychological properties. It was used byRomani peoplewhen telling fortunes,5as aJungianpsychological apparatus capable of tapping into absolute knowledge in the unconscious,6a tool for,7and even a tool for facilitating the Jungian process ofIndividuation.8
A history of the occult tarot, 1870-1970
Etteilla also:citation needed
Dummett (1980) singles out Christians writing as one of the worst examples of what he calls false ascription to be found in the occult literature.
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suggested that Tarot was repository of the wisdom ofHermes Trismegistus
Lvi rejected Court de Gbelins claims about an Egyptian origin of the deck symbols, going back instead to theTarot de Marseille, calling itThe Book of Hermes, claiming it was antique, that it existed before Moses, and that it was in fact a universal key of erudition, philosophy, and magic that could unlockHermeticandCabbalisticconcepts. According to Lvi, An imprisoned person with no other book than the Tarot, if he knew how to use it, could in a few years acquire universal knowledge, and would be able to speak on all subjects with unequaled learning and inexhaustible eloquence.17
Court de Gbelin is the first to attempt to provide the correct order and nomenclature for the tarot trumps. See Michael Dummett.
Images from the Grand Oracle des Dames, an early cartomantic progeny
wrote a cartomanic treatise of tarot as the Book of Thoth,
Quoting the skepticJames Randi, For use as a divinatory device, the Tarot deck is dealt out in various patterns and interpreted by a gifted reader. The fact that the deck is not dealt out into the same pattern fifteen minutes later is rationalized by the occultists by claiming that in that short span of time, a persons fortune can change, too. That would seem to call for rather frequent readings if the system is to be of any use whatsoever.citation needed
Inspired by de Gbelin, Lvi associated the Hebrew alphabet with theTarot trumps.
The French-American artistNiki de Saint Phallespent over two decades building her
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created the first society for Tarot cartomancy, the Socit littraire des associs libres des interprtes du livre de Thot.
This page was last edited on 6 October 2018, at 21:46
Lvi linked the ten numbered cards in each suit to the tensefiroth.
Esoteric Tarotis the art of readingTarotcards, which is the practice of using cards to gain insight into the past, present or future by formulating a question, then drawing and interpreting cards. Reading Tarot cards is a type ofcartomancy.
Levy, Ariel (18 April 2016).Beautiful Monsters.
Divinatory, esoteric and occult tarot
This article is about the use of tarot cards for divinatory and esoteric/occult purposes. For other uses, seeTarot (disambiguation).
Next to the usage of tarot cards to divine for others, usually for recompense, tarot is also used widely as a device for personal advice and spiritual growth. Practitioners believe the simple-looking Tarot card layouts can greatly help you explore all the depths and nodes of your spiritual path and discover a whole new realm of possibilities for enrichment; in regards to the inner self. Whereas professional tarot is often seen as a charlatanism.
The concept of the cards as a mystical key was extended byliphas Lvi(1810-1875citation needed). Lvi (whose given name was Alphonse-Louise Constance) was educated in the seminary of Saint-Sulpice, was ordained as a deacon, but never became a priest. Dummett (1980, pp.114) notes that it is from Lvis bookDogme et rituelthat the whole of the modern occultist movement stems. Lvi wrote that an astral light is contained within all of reality,citation neededand according to Dummett (1980, pp.118), he claimed to be the first to
Jung and Tarot: An Archetypal Journey
Etteillas tarot is the first cartomantic tarot, thus the broken nomenclature that bears little resemblance to that which comes before! The imagery of Ettiellas Egyptian Tarot is similar to Tarot de Marseille, but he breaks the ordering significantly putting, for example, the imagery of the Sun (traditionally triumph 19) as triumph 1. This interested in viewing the images by do so by visitingthis link
created the first Egyptian tarot to be used exclusively for Tarot cartomancy
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In 1887 theMarquis Stanislas de Guaitamet the amateur artistOswald Wirth(1860-1943) and subsequently sponsored a production of Lvis intended deck. Guided entirely by de Guaita, Wirth designed the first neo-occultist cartomantic deck (and first cartomantic deck not derived from Ettielles Egyptina deck). Known as theArcanes du Tarot kabbalistiqueit consisted of only the twenty-two major arcana.
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in Italy. The 22 major sculptures of the garden were based on and named after the Major Arcana of the Tarot.
devised a method of tarot divination in 1783,
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needs additional citations forverification
Dictionnaire synonimique du Livre de Thot,
van Rijn, Bastiaan Benjamin (September 2017).The Mind Behind the Cards
published, under the imprint of his society, the
Tarot is often used in conjunction with the study of theHermetic Qabalah.20In these decks all the cards are illustrated in accordance withQabalisticprinciples, most being influenced by theRider-Waitedeck. Its images were drawn by artistPamela Colman Smith, to the instructions of Christian mystic and occultistArthur Edward Waiteand published in 1911.21Tarot is often used in conjunction with the study of theHermetic Qabalah.22A difference fromMarseillesstyle decks is that Waite-Smith use scenes withesotericmeanings on the suit cards.
Tarot cards have become extremely popular in Japan, where hundreds of new decks have been designed in recent years.23
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